命令行模式改变本地安全策略
前几天在X小组的论坛上逛，看到有人出过一道题目，是这样的：
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题目：本地安全设置里设置为不允许任何人从本地登陆
有输入法漏洞
可以物理的使用电脑，但机箱打不开，光驱软驱不能用
不知道计算机里面有多少帐号
局域网没有主域控制器，
要求：拿到最高权并从本地登陆到计算机
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关于这个问题，我首先是想到的是更改本地安全策略。改注册表，于是开了regsnap观察，拷，修改的项目太多了。根本没法改。还有一种办法，利用secedit.exe这个工具，2k自带的，位于\winnt\system32下面。在命令提示符下打secedit，看一下帮助文件吧。不错很详细：
secedit /export [导出安全性设置]
secedit /configure [配置安全性设置]
.........
用法还有很多，我们这里只谈这两个。
语法
secedit /export [/mergedPolicy] [/DB filename ] [/CFG filename ] [/areas area1 area 2...] [/log logPath] [/verbose] [/quiet]
语法
secedit /configure [/DB filename ] [/CFG filename ] [/overwrite][/areas area1 area2...] [/log logpath] [/verbose] [/quiet]
先来解决上面那道题。它说有输入法漏洞，这就好办了，先建立一个快捷方式->属性->目标，在里面写：
c:\winnt\system32\secedit.exe /configure /DB c:\winnt\security\database\secedit.sdb /CFG "c:\winnt\security\templates\setup security.inf"(此处我们设它的系统目录为C:)
OK!现在运行刚才建立的那个快捷方式，本地安全策略已经改为系统初装时的设定。这道题就算是解了。
我们现在再来看看刚才做了些什么。secedit首先调用secedit.sdb引擎数据库，然后将setup security.inf策略模板格式化，再将其导入。setup security.inf这个策略模板是在系统初装时生成的本地安全设置模板。将"c:\winnt\security\templates\setup security.inf"加上引号是因为setup security.inf文件名中包含空格。/DB c:\winnt\security\database\secedit.sdb 这个一定不能少，否则会导入不成功。
我们再来看看，在命令提示符下输入：secedit /export /DB c:\winnt\security\database\secedit.sdb /CFG c:\temp\security.inf
我们打开来看看这个security.inf。
[Version]
signature="$CHICAGO$"
Revision=1
[Profile Description]
Description=全新安装系统的默认安全设置
[System Access]
MinimumPasswordAge = 0
MaximumPasswordAge = 42
MinimumPasswordLength = 0
PasswordComplexity = 0
PasswordHistorySize = 0
LockoutBadCount = 0
RequireLogonToChangePassword = 0
ClearTextPassword = 0
[Event Audit]
AuditSystemEvents = 0
AuditLogonEvents = 0
AuditObjectAccess = 0
AuditPrivilegeUse = 0
AuditPolicyChange = 0
AuditAccountManage = 0
AuditProcessTracking = 0
AuditDSAccess = 0
AuditAccountLogon = 0
CrashOnAuditFull = 0
[Registry Values]
machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\netlogon\parameters\signsecurechannel=4,1
machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\netlogon\parameters\sealsecurechannel=4,1
machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\netlogon\parameters\requirestrongkey=4,0
machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\netlogon\parameters\requiresignorseal=4,0
machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\netlogon\parameters\disablepasswordchange=4,0
machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\lanmanworkstation\parameters\requiresecuritysignature=4,0
machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\lanmanworkstation\parameters\enablesecuritysignature=4,1
machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\lanmanworkstation\parameters\enableplaintextpassword=4,0
machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\lanmanserver\parameters\requiresecuritysignature=4,0
machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\lanmanserver\parameters\enablesecuritysignature=4,0
machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\lanmanserver\parameters\enableforcedlogoff=4,1
machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\lanmanserver\parameters\autodisconnect=4,15
machine\system\currentcontrolset\control\session manager\protectionmode=4,1
machine\system\currentcontrolset\control\session manager\memory management\clearpagefileatshutdown=4,0
machine\system\currentcontrolset\control\print\providers\lanman print services\servers\addprinterdrivers=4,1
machine\system\currentcontrolset\control\lsa\restrictanonymous=4,0
machine\system\currentcontrolset\control\lsa\lmcompatibilitylevel=4,0
machine\system\currentcontrolset\control\lsa\fullprivilegeauditing=3,0
machine\system\currentcontrolset\control\lsa\crashonauditfail=4,0
machine\system\currentcontrolset\control\lsa\auditbaseobjects=4,0
machine\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\policies\system\shutdownwithoutlogon=4,0
machine\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\policies\system\legalnoticetext=1,
machine\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\policies\system\legalnoticecaption=1,
machine\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\policies\system\dontdisplaylastusername=4,0
machine\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\policies\system\disablecad=4,1
machine\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\winlogon\scremoveoption=1,0
machine\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\winlogon\passwordexpirywarning=4,14
machine\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\winlogon\cachedlogonscount=1,10
machine\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\winlogon\allocatefloppies=1,0
machine\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\winlogon\allocatedasd=1,0
machine\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\winlogon\allocatecdroms=1,0
machine\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\setup\recoveryconsole\setcommand=4,0
machine\software\microsoft\windows nt\currentversion\setup\recoveryconsole\securitylevel=4,0
[Privilege Rights]
seassignprimarytokenprivilege =
seauditprivilege =
sebackupprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544,*S-1-5-32-551
sebatchlogonright = *S-1-5-21-1292428093-1563985344-1708537768-1002,*S-1-5-21-1292428093-1563985344-1708537768-1001
sechangenotifyprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544,*S-1-5-32-551,*S-1-5-32-547,*S-1-5-32-545,*S-1-1-0
secreatepagefileprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544
secreatepermanentprivilege =
secreatetokenprivilege =
sedebugprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544
sedenybatchlogonright =
sedenyinteractivelogonright =
sedenynetworklogonright =
sedenyservicelogonright =
seenabledelegationprivilege =
seincreasebasepriorityprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544
seincreasequotaprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544
seinteractivelogonright = *S-1-5-21-1292428093-1563985344-1708537768-1001,*S-1-5-32-544,*S-1-5-32-551,*S-1-5-32-547,*S-1-5-21-1292428093-1563985344-1708537768-501,*S-1-5-21-1292428093-1563985344-1708537768-1000,*S-1-5-32-545
seloaddriverprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544
selockmemoryprivilege =
semachineaccountprivilege =
senetworklogonright = *S-1-5-21-1292428093-1563985344-1708537768-1002,*S-1-5-32-544,*S-1-5-32-551,*S-1-5-32-547,*S-1-5-32-545,*S-1-1-0,*S-1-5-21-1292428093-1563985344-1708537768-1001
seprofilesingleprocessprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544,*S-1-5-32-547
seremoteshutdownprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544
serestoreprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544,*S-1-5-32-551
sesecurityprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544
seservicelogonright =
seshutdownprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544,*S-1-5-32-551,*S-1-5-32-547
sesyncagentprivilege =
sesystemenvironmentprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544
sesystemprofileprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544
sesystemtimeprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544,*S-1-5-32-547
setakeownershipprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544
setcbprivilege =
seundockprivilege = *S-1-5-32-544,*S-1-5-32-547,*S-1-5-32-545
里面记录了本地安全设置里的所有设置，可以看出[Privilege Rights]这一组就是本地策略里的用户权利指派
，下面是一些与用户登陆有关的项：
sedenyinteractivelogonright 拒绝从本地登陆
sedenynetworklogonright 拒绝从网络访问这台计算机
sedenyservicelogonright 拒绝作为服务登陆
sedenybatchlogonright 拒绝作为批处理作业登陆
seinteractivelogonright 在本地登陆
senetworklogonright 从网络访问此计算机
seservicelogonright 作为服务登陆
sebatchlogonright 作为批处理作业登陆
每一项后面的值是用户或用户组的SID号，每个用户的SID号用逗号隔开，要知道用户的SID号可以用getsid.exe这个工具。注意，拒绝的优先级最高。以前总是有人发现，得到了一个用户的密码，想登陆上去却发现此用户不允许交互式登陆。现在就可以用此方法来更改安全策略，至于怎么改就不在本文的讨论范围了。
由于本人水平有限，关于本地策略通过secedit.exe配置的方法就谈到这里，其中有错误及不足之处望高手指正。
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